Tawantinsuyu is a song inspired by Inca ancestral folk, its notes with Andean airs remind us of the past times when the Inca Empire flourished.
The Inca Empire was a South American state with the most extensive domain in the history of pre-Columbian America.The territory of the same was called Tahuantinsuyo (Quechua tawantin suyu, "the four regions or divisions") and the period of its dominance was also know as an incanato and/or incario. It flourished in the Andean zone of the subcontinent between the 15th and 16th centuries, as a consequence of the apogee of the Inca civilization. It covered about 2 million square kilometers between the Pacific Ocean and the Amazon rainforest, from the outskirts of Pasto (Colombia) in the north to the Maule River (Chile) in the south.
The origins of the empire go back to the victory of the Cuzquen ethnic groups (South Region of present-day Peru), led by Pachacútec, in front of the confederation of Chanca states in 1438. After the victory, the Inca priesthood was reorganized by Pachacútec, with whom the Inca Empire began a period of continuous expansion, which continued with his brother Cápac Yupanqui, then by the tenth Inca Túpac Yupanqui, and finally the eleventh Inca Huayna Cápac, who consolidated the territories. In this stage the Inca civilization achieved the maximum expansion of its culture, technology and science, developing the own knowledge and those of the Andean region, as well as assimilating those of other conquered states.
After this period of apogee the empire went into decline for various problems, the main one being the confrontation for the throne among the sons of Huayna Cápac: the Huáscar brothers and Atahualpa, which led to a civil war. Among the Incas the smallpox ended with the monarch Huayna Capac, provoked the civil war prior to the Spanish appearance and caused a demographic disaster in the Tahuantinsuyo, which before the arrival of the Spanish had 14 million inhabitants, while the eighteenth century had just 1.5 million. Finally Atahualpa would win in 1532. However his rise to power coincided with the arrival of Spanish troops under the command of Francisco Pizarro, who captured the Inca and then executed him. With the death of Atahualpa in 1533 the Inca Empire I reach its end. However, several rebellious Incas, known as the "Incas of Vilcabamba," rebelled against the Spaniards until 1572, when the last of them was captured and beheaded: Túpac Amaru I.
The Inca Empire encompassed the current territories corresponding to the southwestern end of Colombia on the border, passing through Ecuador, mainly through Peru, western Bolivia, the northern half of Chile and the north, northwest and west of Argentina. The empire was subdivided into four of its suyu's: the Chinchaysuyo (Chinchay Suyu) to the north, the Collasuyo (Qulla Suyu) to the south, the Antisuyo (Anti Suyu) to the east and Contisuyo (Kunti Suyu) to the west. The capital of the empire was the city of Cuzco, in the actually Peru.
Source: wikipedia.org